Bystander effect nih關於「Bystander effect psychology」標籤，搜尋引擎有相關的訊息討論：
From Empathy to Apathy: The Bystander Effect Revisited - PMCpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › articles › PMC6099971The Bystander Effect and Altruism – General Psychologypressbooks.online.ucf.edu › lumenpsychology › chapterBystander effect - Wikipediaen.wikipedia.org › wiki › Bystander_eff